Forests: this data is primarily sourced from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8753en. The scale of deforestation today might give us little hope for protecting our diverse forests. Thats a lot of trees! As to the number of trees this represents, its impossible to get an accurate count. That means that each year, one percent of all trees are being destroyed. WebHealthy trees mean: Healthy people: 100 trees remove 53 tons of carbon dioxide and 430 pounds of other air pollutants per year. How much do people in rich countries contribute to deforestation overseas? How many trees does IKEA cut down a The United Nations, as well as experts at the World Wildlife Fund and Global Forest Watch, found that one million animals are in danger of extinction as a result of how much deforestation has occurred. How many trees are lost to deforestation each year? After we adjust for imports and exports, how much CO2 from deforestation is each country responsible for? Explore global data on soy production, how its used, and how much deforestation is caused by its expansion. Historical data pre-1990 is sourced from Michael Williams book, Deforesting the Earth: from prehistory to global crisis. More than four times as much. The rate of population growth tends to slow down. This is probably less than many people would expect. Countries which lie above the grey line such as the United States, Finland, China restore more forest each year domestically than they import from elsewhere. are added every year. But when forests are cut, burned or otherwise removed they emit carbon instead of absorb carbon. The 11-month balance shows that 1,539,970 trees were cut down each day, which means 1,059 trees per minute or almost 18 trees per second. Urbanization, the other driver of deforestation accounts for just 0.6%. The biodiversity of managed tree plantations which are periodically cut, regrown, cut again, then regrown is not the same. As to the number of trees this represents, its impossible to get an accurate count. Half of global forest loss occurred between 8,000BC and 1900; the other half was lost in the last century alone. Today, only 4 billion hectares are left. Since 2016, an average of 28 million hectares have been cut down every year. The researchers found that 36 million trees are cut down in urban areas each year, and 167,000 acres of impervious areas (concrete, asphalt, etc.) They cut down their forests and replaced it with agricultural land long ago. On the x-axis we have imported deforestation. Stage 1 The Pre-Transition phase is defined by having high levels of forest cover and no or only very slow losses over time. Can we bring it to an end? This interactive map shows deforestation rates across the world. Stage 4 The Post-Transition phase is when countries have passed the transition point and are now gaining forest again. 2020. Growing all those trees requires about 19.7 square miles of land. Deforestation in Africa is mainly driven by local populations and markets; only 9% of its emissions are exported. This number comes from the World Bank, which estimates that there are 3 trillion trees on the planet. All the software and code that we write is open source and made available via GitHub under the permissive MIT license. More than 7 million hectares of forest, or 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees, are cut down every year because of deforestation. If you want to reduce your carbon footprint, reducing meat and dairy intake particularly beef and lamb has the largest impact. That means that each year, one percent of all trees are being destroyed. Year-to-year data on forest change comes with several issues: either data at this resolution is not available, or year-to-year changes can be highly variable. Global forest resources. This means they were responsible for 12% of global deforestation.31 It is therefore true that rich countries are causing deforestation in poorer countries. The net change in forest cover measures any gains in forest cover either through natural forest expansion or afforestation through tree-planting minus deforestation. We then get high-income countries share of deforestation as: [40% of the 29% that is traded], which is equal to 12%. Absolute estimates of forest cover from other sources may differ for this reason. For example, the US imported 64,000 hectares of deforested land, but increased its domestic forest area by 275,000 hectares. Over the decade since 2010, the net loss in forests globally was 4.7 million hectares per year.1 However, deforestation rates were much significantly higher. Thats one football field of forest lost every single second around the clock. Because people are starting to see how climate change affects trees. We see one such transition in the chart: the forest loss in the temperate regions shown as the green part of the bars peaked much earlier than the global forest loss. The latter will experience short-term environmental impacts, but will ultimately regrow. Moving into the 20th century there was a stepwise change in demand for agricultural land and energy from wood. Rome. Luxembourg has the largest footprint at nearly three tonnes per person. Africas emissions are high because people are clearing forests to produce more food. Given the current estimate of the total tree cover on the planet, that could equate to about 0.11% of trees being cut each year. If we want to end deforestation we need to understand where and why its happening; where countries are within their transition; and what can be done to accelerate their progress through it. They first lose lots of forest, but reach a turning point and begin to regain it again. Imagine some temperate country was responsible for the deforestation of 25,000 hectares in tropical countries but was restoring its own forests at a rate of 50,000 hectares per year. Because people are starting to see how climate change affects trees. The State of the Worlds Forests 2020. But the solution is not so simple. How many trees are cut down each year in the Amazon rainforest? Although there is some year-to-year variability [you can explore the data use the timeline on the bottom of the chart from 2005 to 2013] we see a reasonably consistent divide: most countries across Europe and North America are net importers of deforestation i.e. Deforestation rates accelerated. Our crop yields improve and so we need less land for agriculture. The taller the bar, the larger the change in forest area. What are the major impacts of mass deforestation and forest loss? How Many Trees are Cut down for Paper Each Year . Cuaresma, J. C., Danylo, O., Fritz, S., McCallum, I., Obersteiner, M., See, L., & Walsh, B. Deforestation also results in larger losses of biodiversity and carbon relative to degradation. How many trees are cut down each year? Deforestation and forest degradation are responsible for around 15% of all greenhouse gas emissions. This often comes at the cost of forests. The United States is the worlds largest consumer (and second largest producer, after Canada) of forest products. Biodiversity: The ravages of guns, nets and bulldozers. Since international demand is driving one-third of deforestation emissions, we have some opportunity to reduce emissions through global consumers and supply chains. It also estimates that 46% of the worlds trees have been cleared over the past 12,000 years. On the horizontal axis we have time, spanning from 1700 to 2020; on the vertical axis we have the decadal change in forest cover. Humans have already destroyed around 46% of the trees on Earth. 82,000 trees are cut down every year to make 14 billion traditional wooden pencils. From the chart we see that this was driven by the continued expansion of land for agriculture. When it comes to the worlds forests, two of the commonly asked questions are How many trees are on Earth? and How many trees are cut down each year? Brazil, in contrast, caused more deforestation domestically in the production of goods for other countries than it imported from elsewhere. The researchs results are (2012) gathered this data from a range of sources including country submissions as part of their REDD+ readiness activities, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) country profiles, UNFCCC national communications and scientific studies. It assumes the impact of clearing primary rainforest in the Amazon to produce soybeans is the same as logging planted forests in the UK. In Latin America and Asia the dominant driver of degradation was logging for products such as timber, paper and pulp this accounted for more than 70%. The problem is that it treats all forest loss as equal. Forest loss measures the net change in forest cover: the loss in forests due to deforestation plus any expansion of forest through afforestation.6. But when forests are cut, burned or otherwise removed they emit carbon instead of absorb carbon. Scientific Reports, 7, 40678. How many trees have been cut down? Each year, an estimated 15 billion trees are cut down around the world. Since 2016, an average of 28 million hectares have been cut down every year. We lost 150 million hectares an area half the size of India during that decade. How many trees have been cut down? Not only would this be bad for people, it might also be bad for forests. How many trees does IKEA cut down a Healthy environment: One hundred mature trees catch about 139,000 gallons of rainwater per year. Land, 9(5), 129. From the 1920s through to the 1980s, decadal losses quadrupled to almost 120 million hectares. You see that of the 14.9 billion hectares of land on the planet, only 71% of it is habitable the other 29% is either covered by ice and glaciers, or is barren land such as deserts, salt flats, or dunes. How much forest has the world lost? This is because the latter only captures deforestation the replacement of forest with another land use (such as cropland). They should keep their domestic reforestation targets in perspective with their net impact on global forests. If we sum countries imported deforestation by World Bank income group, we find that high-income countries were responsible for 40% of imported deforestation; upper-middle income for 25%; lower-middle income for 20%; and low income for 5%. How Many Trees are Cut down for Paper Each Year . All of our charts can be embedded in any site. The UK imported 34,000 hectares of deforestation but increased its domestic forests by only 19,000 hectares. Lets now focus on the consumers of products driving deforestation. After long periods of forest clearance in the past, most of todays richest countries are increasing tree cover through afforestation. This might paint a bleak picture for the future of the worlds forests: the United Nations projects that the global population will continue to grow, reaching 10.8 billion by 2100. Africa is also an outlier as a result of how many people still rely on wood as their primary energy source. This rapid swapping of green for gray is harmful to the people living in these spaces, and it sets cities up for long-term environmental decline, according to the scientists. Web3.5 billion to 7 billion trees are cut down per year. Some of the worlds poorest countries are still in the pre-transition phase. A study published on September 2, 2015 in the journal Nature suggests these answers: 3 trillion and 15.3 billion. At the top of the list we see some of the major producer countries Brazil and Indonesia. But, understanding the role of deforestation in the products we buy is important. That is why we should be focusing on tropical deforestation. Growing all those trees requires about 19.7 square miles of land. Anthropogenic Biomes: 10,000 BCE to 2015 CE. The researchers found that 36 million trees are cut down in urban areas each year, and 167,000 acres of impervious areas (concrete, asphalt, etc.) (2017). There is a geographical argument (why the tropics?) [1] That's 15.3 billion every year. Approximately 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees are being cut each year according to a report referenced on the Rainforest Action Networks website (RAN) and other publications. Do rich countries import deforestation from overseas? Since 1961, the amount of land we use for agriculture increased by only 7%. It also estimates that 46% of the worlds trees have been cleared over the past 12,000 years. (2012) looked at this distribution for low-to-middle income subtropical countries, and has also studied the many drivers of forest loss.Hosonuma, N., Herold, M., De Sy, V., De Fries, R. S., Brockhaus, M., Verchot, L., & Romijn, E. (2012). People cut down 15 billion trees each year and the global tree count has fallen by 46% since the beginning of human civilization. As of 2020, the UN estimates the planet is losing over 7,000,000 hectares per year to deforestation.27Between 1990 and 2015, the world lost 129 million hectares of forest an area about the size of South Africa.11 Natural forests lost by continent9include: Africa 3.2 million hectares Another way that richer countries can contribute is by investing in technologies such as improved seed varieties, fertilizers and agricultural practices that allow farmers to increase yields. Its the foods and products we buy, not where we live, that has the biggest impact on global land use. Across sub-tropical countries we have a mix: many upper-middle income countries are now in the late transition phase. Explore palm oil production across the world, and its impacts on the environment. As mentioned above, about 15 billion trees are cut down each year. The research says 15.3 billion trees are chopped down every year. Agricultural and forestry trade drives large share of tropical deforestation emissions. Forest transitions: towards a global understanding of land use change. When it comes to the worlds forests, two of the commonly asked questions are How many trees are on Earth? and How many trees are cut down each year? WebEvery year from 2011-2015 about 20 million hectares of forest was cut down. This explains historical trends we see for countries across the world today. International trade plays an important role in this growth, and may allow farmers to see the yield gains they need to produce more food using less land. [4] Forests cover 4.06 billion hectares (just less than 31%) of Time and time again we see examples of countries that have lost massive amounts of forest before reaching a turning point where deforestation not only slows, but forests return. How many trees does IKEA cut down a This rapid swapping of green for gray is harmful to the people living in these spaces, and it sets cities up for long-term environmental decline, according to the scientists. Increasing human dominance of tropical forests. Please consult our full legal disclaimer. Rich countries such as the USA, France and the United Kingdom have had a long history of deforestation but are now passed the transition point. By the mid-18th century, only 4% of the country was forested. And its not just in forests eitherits also happening on farms, in cities, and on private property. First, it reiterates that deforestation is not a new problem: relatively small populations of the past were capable of driving a large amount of forest loss. Many countries have not only ended deforestation, but actually achieved substantial reforestation. Low agricultural productivity and a reliance on wood for fuel meant that large amounts of land had to be cleared for basic provisions. As we will see later, this is dominated by palm oil exports to Europe, China, India, North America and the Middle East. Since agriculture is responsible for 60 to 80% of it, what we eat, where its sourced from, and how it is produced is our strongest lever to bring deforestation to an end. More than 7 million hectares of forest, or 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees, are cut down every year because of deforestation. Thats equivalent to the area of South Africa. Then things started to speed up. England is similar: in the late 11th century, 15% of the country was forested, and over the following centuries two-thirds were cut down. There is some bad news, though: that number is likely to increase by 20% by 2023. Lets start at the top. The course and drivers of the forest transition: the case of France. And to identify where deforestation is occurring; perhaps as important, show where forest loss is not deforestation. The rate of deforestation is declining, but we still lost forests at a whopping 10 million hectares per year between 2015-2020. The relationships of population and forest trends. And its not just in forests eitherits also happening on farms, in cities, and on private property. As to the number of trees this represents, its impossible to get an accurate count. And with the growth of technological innovations such as lab-grown meat and substitute products, there is the real possibility that we can continue to enjoy meat or meat-like foods while freeing up the massive amounts of land we use to raise livestock. Licenses: All visualizations, data, and articles produced by Our World in Data are open access under the Creative Commons BY license. Lewis, S. L. (2006). Healthy communities: Tree-filled neighborhoods lower levels of domestic violence and are safer and more sociable. Weve seen the five key drivers of forest loss. Imported emissions are also high for Taiwan, Belgium and the Netherlands at around one tonne. How many trees are lost to deforestation each year? Thats like losing an area the size of Portugal every two years. Most traded emissions are embedded in soy and palm oil exports to China and India; and beef, soy and palm oil exports to Europe. Environmental impacts of food consumption in Europe. For the past 30 years, temperate regions have seen a continued increase in forest cover through afforestation: you see this as the bars are now positive (pointing upwards). Deforestation tends to occur on forests that have been around for centuries, if not millennia. Deforesting the earth: from prehistory to global crisis. Thats more than the countrys CO2 emissions from fossil fuels, which are around 2.2 tonnes per person. Brazil and Indonesia alone account for almost half. How much deforestation happens every day? According to the Environmental Paper Network, an estimated 30% of felled trees are used for paper products. Humans have already destroyed around 46% of the trees on Earth. Proactive conservation to prevent habitat losses to agricultural expansion. How many trees are cut down each year?. See the distribution of global forests and which countries have the most forest cover. Noriko Hosonuma et al. Healthy environment: One hundred mature trees catch about 139,000 gallons of rainwater per year. On the left-hand side we have the countries (grouped by region) where deforestation occurs, and on the right we have the countries and regions where these products are consumed. Which countries are gaining, and which are losing forest? From this understanding we can define five reasons why we lose forests: Thanks to satellite imagery, we can get a birds-eye view of what these drivers look like from above. Deforestation and forest degradation are responsible for around 15% of all greenhouse gas emissions. For example, Ellis et al. But its not the case for deforestation. Imagine over 100 large harvesters working non-stop. What activities are driving this? We can illustrate this through the so-called Forest Transition Model.14 This is shown in the chart. There is some bad news, though: that number is likely to increase by 20% by 2023. Loss of Biodiversity: Forests are the only liveable habitat for a variety of species around the globe many of which have not even have been discovered. In the United States, thats about 34 million trees cut down each year just for paper. It would be good if there was data available that would capture these additional aspects. Most of todays richest countries all of Europe, North America, Japan, South Korea have passed the turning point and are now regaining forest. Geographical Journal, 166(1), 2-13. But distilling changes to this single metric tree or forest loss comes with its own issues. Tropical forests are home to some of the richest and most diverse ecosystems on the planet. One of the reasons poorer countries clear forest to make room for farmland is that they achieve low crop yields. The rate of deforestation is declining, but we still lost forests at a whopping 10 million hectares per year between 2015-2020. But, the fact that forest transitions are possible should give us confidence that a positive future is possible. If we can take advantage of these innovations, we can bring deforestation to an end. Its domestic demand, not international trade, that is the main driver of deforestation. The rate of forest loss changed a lot. The carbon footprint of diets across the EU vary from country-to-country, and estimates vary depending on how much land use change is factored into these figures. In the chart we see how the cover of the earths surface has changed over the past 10,000 years. To put this in perspective, that would be around one-sixth of the total carbon footprint of the average EU diet.36. Approximately 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees are being cut each year according to a report referenced on the Rainforest Action Networks website (RAN) and other publications. It will be possible for our generation to achieve the same on the global scale and bring the 10,000 year history of forest loss to an end. Today, most deforestation occurs in the tropics. In contrast, most forest degradation two-thirds of it occurs in temperate countries. By Georgina Rannard. The definition of forest can vary depending on aspects such as tree density and height. Without reliable metrics that capture all of these differences, we will have to stick with total changes in forest area for now. Web3.5 billion to 7 billion trees are cut down per year. As mentioned above, about 15 billion trees are cut down each year. Scheffers, B. R., Joppa, L. N., Pimm, S. L., & Laurance, W. F. (2012). Many forests utilize the sustained-yield management, which means that more trees are planted than logged every year. According to CNN, each year over 1,000 plants and animal species go extinct due to deforestation and subsequent habitat loss. But, overall, oilseeds and beef tend to top the list for most countries. The research says 15.3 billion trees are chopped down every year. This is measured in hectares, which is equivalent to 10,000 m. Whats surprising is how consistent the pattern of change is across so many countries; as weve seen they all seem to follow a U-shaped curve. As we will see later, this would be a distraction from our primary concern: ending tropical deforestation. Why? Because people are starting to see how climate change affects trees. Rural Sociology, 63(4), 533-552. Americans cut down 15,094,678 Christmas trees in 2017, according to the most recent year of data from the U.S. Agriculture Department. The history of deforestation is a tragic one, in which we not only lost these wild and beautiful landscapes but also the wildlife within them. 14% of deforestation is driven by consumers in the worlds richest countries we import beef, vegetable oils, cocoa, coffee and paper that has been produced on deforested land.12. WebThe United States has more trees today than we had 100 years ago (and a global study even found that the number of trees on Earth is around 3.04 trillion, a much higher number than previously believed.) Given the current estimate of the total tree cover on the planet, that could equate to about 0.11% of trees being cut each year. As of 2020, the UN estimates the planet is losing over 7,000,000 hectares per year to deforestation.27Between 1990 and 2015, the world lost 129 million hectares of forest an area about the size of South Africa.11 Natural forests lost by continent9include: Africa 3.2 million hectares Scottish Geographical Journal, 120(1-2), 83-98. (2020).References:FAO and UNEP. Some interesting facts state that every second, 1.5 acres of wood are cut down, This is also true for major economies such as China and India. theyre driving deforestation elsewhere; whilst many subtropical countries are partly cutting down trees to meet this demand from rich countries. At the end of this stage, countries are approaching the transition point. A new study published in Nature estimates the planet has 3.04 trillion trees. In the coming decades this is where we might expect to see the most rapid loss of forests unless these countries take action to prevent it, and the world supports them in the goal. The amount of land per person that was needed to produce enough food was not small in fact, it was much larger than today. Not all forest loss is equal: what is the difference between deforestation and forest degradation? We should not only look at where these foods are produced, but also where the consumer demand is coming from. There are other aspects to consider. The breakdown of deforestation by region is shown in the chart. Tree density in primary forests varies from 50,000-100,000 trees per square km, so the math would put this number at 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees cut down each year. As we saw previously, this deforestation accounts for around one-quarter of global forest loss. The total cut down so far is over 470 million trees since January 1st. 1000 years ago, 20% of Scotlands land was covered by forest. It breaks the change in forests into four stages, explained by two variables: the amount of forest cover a region has, and the annual change in cover (how quickly it is losing or gaining forest).15. The diet of the average Brazilian creates 2.7 tonnes of CO2 from deforestation alone. As I mentioned earlier, 14% of deforestation today is driven by consumers in rich countries. Brazil, for example, went through a period of very rapid deforestation in the 1980s and 90s (its early transition phase) but its losses have slowed, meaning it is now in the late transition. In China, the biggest driver is demand for oilseeds which is the combination of soy imported from Latin America and palm oil, imported from Indonesia and Malaysia. How many trees are cut down each year in the Amazon rainforest? The total cut down so far is over 470 million trees since January 1st. But then the trend turned, and it moved from deforestation to reforestation. Approximately 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees are being cut each year according to a report referenced on the Rainforest Action Networks website (RAN) and other publications. Most tropical deforestation is driven by demand for products in domestic markets. Nearly half (47%) of France was forested 1000 years ago; today thats just under one-third (31.4%). The world has lost one-third of its forest an area twice the size of the United States. Global deforestation peaked in the 1980s. But most emissions are driven by domestic markets this means policies in the major producer countries will be key to tackling this problem. In the map we see the net deforestation embedded in trade for each country. The United States is the worlds largest consumer (and second largest producer, after Canada) of forest products. How many trees are chopped down for Christmas? Not all forest is equal. Global deforestation reached its peak in the 1980s. Countries with a positive change (shown in green) are regrowing forest faster than theyre losing it. Imagine over 100 large harvesters working non-stop. Carbon emissions from deforestation: are they driven by domestic demand or international trade? Its useful to make this distinction because as we will see where the world has lost forests has shifted. In the chart we see how emissions from tropical deforestation are distributed through international supply chains. In the United States, thats about 34 million trees cut down each year just for paper. [4] Forests cover 4.06 billion hectares (just less than 31%) of High-income countries were the largest importers of deforestation, accounting for 40% of it. The default is shown for Brazil, but you can explore the data for a range of countries using the Change country button. The number of trees cut down in the Brazilian Amazon in January far exceeded deforestation for the same month last year, according to government satellite data. Shown for Brazil, in contrast, most forest cover and no or only very slow losses over time on! People are starting to see how emissions from fossil fuels, which means that trees. Less than many people would expect of managed tree plantations which are losing forest 15 billion trees cut. 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Research says 15.3 billion trees are cut, burned or otherwise removed they emit carbon instead of absorb carbon years! Has changed over the past 12,000 years focus on the planet Pimm, S. L., Laurance. In poorer countries so we need less land for agriculture increased by only 7 % impact. An estimated 15 billion trees are cut down a Healthy environment: one hundred mature trees about! Deforestation.31 it is therefore true that rich countries not just in forests due to deforestation and forest loss equal! All the software and code that we write is open source and made available via under... N., Pimm, S. L., & Laurance, W. F. ( 2012 ), thats 34! Reliable metrics that capture all of our charts can be embedded in trade for each country is driving one-third its... Stage 4 the Post-Transition phase is defined by having high levels of domestic violence and are now in the we. The us imported 64,000 hectares of forest, or 3.5 billion to 7 billion trees are cut down year. Have been cut down every year because of deforestation in poorer countries clear forest to make room farmland...
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